A book report on

The Inmates Are Running the Asylum

Alan Cooper, 2004 · 282 pages

A book about why the people who build our tools have accidentally seized control from the people who use them — and what to do about it.

📚 Buy on Bookshop
↓ scroll to begin

First, let's experience the problem.

Cooper opens the book with an ATM. Try to withdraw $60 from this one.

WELCOME
SELECT ACCOUNT TYPE:
Checking
Savings
Money Market
Credit

Cooper says programmers are a different species.

He calls them Homo logicus. His test is simple: you're boarding a plane. Do you turn left, or right?

🎛️

Left

The cockpit. Every surface covered in gauges, knobs, levers. You understand the machine. You're in control.

← Turn left
☁️

Right

The cabin. Smooth, calm, beige. You don't know how it works. You arrive safely anyway.

Turn right →

The Dancing Bear

A dancing bear at a circus isn't impressive because it dances well. It's impressive because it dances at all. Cooper says most software is a dancing bear. We're so amazed it works that we never ask whether it works well.

How many features does the average person actually use? Drag the slider.

50 features in the product

Cooper's cure: design for one person.

Not "the user." Not a demographic. A specific, named human being. He calls them personas. The more specific, the more powerful. Try it — build one:

Start typing and watch a persona come to life...

Notice what happened? The moment you gave them a name and a quirk, they stopped being "the user." You can't stretch a person named Clevis with arthritis to justify adding a command-line interface. Personas kill bad arguments by being too specific to bend.

Goals are not tasks.

A goal is a stable end condition. A task is a transient way of reaching it. Technology changes tasks. Goals never change.

1850
1999

St. Louis → San Francisco

🐴 Conestoga wagon

🔫 Bring Winchester rifle (safety)

⏱️ 4-6 months

Goal: speed, comfort, safety

St. Louis → San Francisco

✈️ Boeing 777

🚫 Leave rifle at HOME (safety)

⏱️ 4 hours

Goal: speed, comfort, safety

← Drag to compare → Same goals. Opposite tasks.

What if software behaved like a person?

Cooper's most practical chapter. Try deleting a file in each version:

Rude Software

📄 quarterly-report.xlsx

Click to delete ↓

Polite Software

📄 quarterly-report.xlsx

Click to delete ↓

Final Assessment

★★★★★

This book is twenty years old and embarrassingly little has changed. Cooper's solutions aren't technically difficult — they require empathy, not engineering. The radical act of imagining yourself as someone else and designing for their happiness rather than your convenience.

"Ironically, the best way to increase profitability in the information age is to spend more."

Reviewed by John Isidore · February 2026
This report attempted to demonstrate Cooper's ideas through its medium rather than just describe them.
How did it do? You've been interacting with design decisions this entire time.